What type of errors are identified in a spelling task on the MoCA Language Arts test?

In a spelling task on the MoCA Language Arts test, the focus is primarily on phonetic and orthographic errors. Phonetic errors involve mistakes in how words are sounded out or pronounced, which can lead to misspellings based on incorrect sounds. Orthographic errors, on the other hand, pertain directly to the conventions of spelling and writing, including the proper arrangement of letters and adherence to spelling rules. This dual focus on both the sound and the formal structure of words provides a comprehensive understanding of a person's spelling abilities, allowing evaluators to determine whether the individual struggles with the sounds of language, the written forms of words, or both.

Other types of errors, such as grammatical or capitalization errors, while important in overall writing assessments, do not specifically pertain to spelling tasks, which are concentrated on the accurate representation of word forms.